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Swine flu Q and A

Posted by Gideon Gil April 28, 2009 04:54 PM

By Bina Venkataraman, Globe Correspondent

Q. How do people catch the swine flu?

A. Public health officials believe the swine influenza A (H1N1) virus is spreading the way that the seasonal flu spreads every year -- when people infected with the flu cough or sneeze and others breathe in airborne droplets containing the virus. People may also be getting swine flu from touching surfaces such as doorknobs contaminated with the virus and then touching their face or mouth. Infected people can spread the flu before they have symptoms, as well as while they are sick.

Q. How can I protect myself and my family from swine flu?

A. Wash your hands frequently with soap and water. Also, you should get plenty of sleep, exercise, manage your stress, eat healthy food, and drink plenty of water. Avoid close interactions with people who are sick and try not to touch surfaces that could be contaminated with the virus. Avoid touching your nose, eyes, or mouth.

Q. Does hand sanitizer work if I can’t wash my hands?

A. Doctors advise using sanitizing wipes and alcohol-based gels when you do not have access to soap, water, and a sink. If you use a gel, rub your hands until it dries. It’s preferable to wash your hands.

Q. Should I wear a mask to keep from catching or spreading swine flu?

A. Officials are not recommending that people wear a mask in public places in the United States at this time. Medical professionals treating people suspected to have swine flu are being advised to take the usual precaustions for treating people with infectious diseases, including wearing surgical masks.

Q. What are the symptoms of swine flu?

A. They are similar to symptoms of the regular seasonal flu, and include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headaches, chills, and fatigue. Some people who have gotten the swine flu have had diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.

Q. What should I do if I get sick?

A. If you are sick with flu symptoms, stay home from work or school and limit contact with others. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze and wash your hands after each time you cough or sneeze. If you are sick and have traveled to or live in areas where swine flu cases have been identified, you may want to contact your primary care provider for advice about possible treatment or testing. Two anti-viral drugs, Tamiflu and Relenza, can reduce the severity and duration of illness from swine flu only if taken within two days of symptoms appearing. (The drugs are notknown to be effective if taken as a precaution before getting ill.)

Q. What is the test for swine flu, and how long does it take to get the results?

A. A sample from your throat or material that you cough up can be taken by a doctor, and then submitted for initial genetic fingerprinting to a state laboratory, a test that takes 2 to 4 hours. If this test rules out more routine flu strains, the sample is sent for more detailed analysis by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta to see whether it matches the new swine flu strain. To expedite testing, federal authorities are preparing to send state labs kits to test specifically for swine flu.

Q. How sick can people get from swine flu?

A. More than 100 deaths associated with swine flu have been reported in Mexico, while most of the people diagnosed with this new strain in the United States have had milder cases. Because the overall number of people infected with the virus is unknown, public health officials do not yet know what percentage of infected people will become seriously ill or die.

Q. Is there a vaccine?

A. No vaccine exists to protect humans from the current swine flu, but the federal government is taking initial steps to prepare for potential production of a swine flu vaccine. The seasonal flu vaccine available this year is not believed to be effective at warding off swine flu, and it's unlikely that people vaccinated against the 1976 swine flu strain are protected against this new strain.

Q. Is it safe to eat pork?

A. Yes, as long as it is properly cooked and handled. You cannot get swine flu from eating pork products.

Q. Can my dog or cat catch swine flu?

A. At this point, it’s unlikely. But viruses can change and veterinarians warn that transmission to pets could occur at some point.

Q. What is a pandemic?

A. A pandemic is an outbreak of infectious disease that becomes widespread across regions or continents and large parts of the population. A flu pandemic happens when the influenza virus mutates into a form that can readily spread from human to human and to which people have no natural immunity. Influenza pandemics have occurred every 10 to 50 years for centuries. Not all pandemics are deadly to large portions of the population. However, in 1918, a global flu pandemic killed tens of millions of people worldwide. The World Health Organization has not designated this strain of swine flu as a pandemic.

Sources: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and medical professionals. For more information, visit the CDC swine flu website, or the World Health Organization's website.

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75 comments so far...
  1. How is the swine flu effeciting the economy??

    Posted by Ashlee April 28, 09 06:08 PM
  1. I have all the symptoms of the swine.
    But I have been tested and it is only the common Flu.

    Posted by Andy Sivils April 28, 09 06:23 PM
  1. So are the sypmtoms of swine flu just like regular flu? Because regular flu is (usually) not deadly, just at the most unpleasant.

    Posted by Amber April 28, 09 06:24 PM
  1. how long does it take for the symptoms to show?

    Posted by Charles Hollaman April 28, 09 06:24 PM
  1. The swine flu is effecting the econoomy in mostly the airline business, but its mostly low cost, small carriers that only fly to and from mexico, to the USA, but other than that, the economy hasnt been very affected

    Posted by Andrew April 28, 09 06:27 PM
  1. Do you think that it will come to Bullhead City, Arizona?

    Posted by Marissa April 28, 09 06:30 PM
  1. The market is gonna tank. Nobody wants to travel or be next to someone in a hotel that may have come from mexico. They are not gonna ride trains because they will be afraid they are sitting next to someone who has it. The media is gonna make this bad for the economy!

    Posted by Bad pig April 28, 09 06:30 PM
  1. If you have had swine flu during the last epidemic, are you immune or still vulnerable?

    Posted by Phyllis Miles April 28, 09 06:36 PM
  1. I remember many years ago a swine flu outbreak. It was called swine flu because the shape of the virus under the microscope was like a pig.

    Posted by Joy April 28, 09 06:44 PM
  1. Oh my god i think Im getting sick!!!!!!!

    Posted by Kaleigh April 28, 09 06:48 PM
  1. What are the doctors doing and others in the community to help not spread the infection?

    Posted by Maria April 28, 09 06:48 PM
  1. I would assume its hurting it since some people might think its not safe to go outside so they don't go to work and yeah you get my point.

    Posted by Tony April 28, 09 06:53 PM
  1. Ashlee -- it's not, yet, at least in the US -- but if travel gets severely curtailed, if large numbers of people are too sick to work for an extended period (or are ordered to stay home), it could easily exacerbate our existing problems.

    Posted by John April 28, 09 07:12 PM
  1. why does it take so long to get a vaccine when lives depend on this

    Posted by sandie April 28, 09 07:15 PM
  1. What are some more symptoms of this disease?

    Posted by Rhazzlyn Morales April 28, 09 07:18 PM
  1. Thank you!!

    Posted by Malka April 28, 09 07:21 PM
  1. I would venture to say that illiteracy such as that displayed above is affecting the economy to a greater extent than the swine flu, Ashlee

    Posted by Pete April 28, 09 07:39 PM
  1. pretty sure it would be bad.

    Posted by dale April 28, 09 07:42 PM
  1. What is the incubation period.? is it ok in you come close to infected person after that period?

    Posted by tony April 28, 09 07:44 PM
  1. well we live in a isolated community and there has been people who came back from mexico like last week and wandering can they carry it should i be worried cause the one person is a health nurse,,here at the nursing station,,can she carry and not know it ,,but still pass it on?

    Posted by tania April 28, 09 08:02 PM
  1. I'm really scared!!!!!....do you think this could spread to me? I'm not around anycases of it!!I hope It doesn't become a pandemic

    Posted by Michael April 28, 09 08:18 PM
  1. I also have a question! my mom has been working at Maple leaf for a long time and Maple leaf is a company that produces packaged food, based on pigs (pork) That is why I'm worried.. at least 8000 pigs are being killed in one day at Maple Leaf so which means she has to contact with at least 8000pigs everyday
    Does mean she is more exposed to the swine flu than Other people? I know its okay to eat porks if we cook them properly but my mom spends the whole day packaging porks at Maple Leaf. She doesn't wear a mask and the place where she works at is close to the area where they kill live pigs..... I"m really worried
    Also, you said there is no vaccine yet does mean people who have got Swine flu cannot be cured? and die for sure?
    Also, You said there isn't a vaciene yet

    Posted by Christina April 28, 09 08:20 PM
  1. it is effecting by killing people and spending alot of money on the Drugs to cure it and just cant pay off everything soo quickly it is now in LA

    Posted by LOL MIKEY xD April 28, 09 08:22 PM
  1. I've been hearing all different kinds of numbers. I hear that nearly 2000 in Mexico are infected with pneumonia, but then I hear they're infected with the Swine virus. I hear that only 20 have died from confirmed cases of the virus, then I hear that nearly 150 have died from the virus. What are the real facts? How many people have actually been clinically diagnosed with the virus and how long were they infected before they became seriously ill/died? What is the condition of the infected in US who were recovering? Are they 100% healthy now? How long does it take to defeat the virus?

    Posted by jessica April 28, 09 08:28 PM
  1. Who is most likely to die from swine flu the young or the old?

    Posted by Taj Goodman April 28, 09 08:32 PM
  1. Oh my god Ashlee, how bored and insensitive are you? People could be dying and you are worried about your mortgage rates?

    Posted by Laura April 28, 09 08:45 PM
  1. AHHHHHHHHHHHH SWINE FLU.

    Posted by Savannahhhh April 28, 09 08:51 PM
  1. Just another question: Was President Obama not recently in Mexico, the country where said flu is thought to have originated? Could he not be contaminated as well?

    Posted by Ruben April 28, 09 08:51 PM
  1. Can you die from swine flu?

    Posted by Stephanie April 28, 09 08:52 PM
  1. can this flu be the same as the black plague?? can you predict how much time it will take for there to be a vaccine??

    Posted by manuel April 28, 09 08:53 PM
  1. I have JUST a few questions. And if you could get back to me ASAP that would be great!
    1. How is the Swine Influenza Virus affecting the economy?
    2. Where did the virus start?
    3.The illness effects.
    4.Precautions?
    Thanks! Im sure you can help me with my report!!(:
    Missa(:

    Posted by Missa(: April 28, 09 08:55 PM
  1. Is it safe to travel to Mexico near the arizona border?

    Posted by sherri April 28, 09 09:06 PM
  1. What are the symptums for swine flu

    Posted by kayla April 28, 09 09:12 PM
  1. If it becomes pandemic, it will help our economy, because we unemployed, uninsured poor folks will be dead and there will be less competition for what few GOOD jobs there are left!

    Posted by Dianna April 28, 09 09:21 PM
  1. Domestically, people stay in and don't travel, go to restaurants, and don't go to unnecessary stores where they might come into contact with people.

    Internationally, people don't want to go the countries where the epidemic exists. So tourism, which brings in big money, is negatively affected which also brings down the economy.

    That's why it is imperative to quell the sickness and prove to the country and world that it's safe here.

    Posted by JL April 28, 09 09:21 PM
  1. I THINK ITS TERRIBLE THAT WITH THIS FLU GOING AROUND THAT THE AMERICAN GOVERMENT IS STILL ALLOWING PEOPLE IN AND OUT OF MEXICO!! IF YOU WANNA GO GO BUT DONT PLAN ON COMING BACK

    Posted by JENNIFER April 28, 09 09:36 PM
  1. If initial lab work shows you are negative for influenza A and B, does that mean you don't have swine flu? Do you have to have influenza A being positive to have swine flu? Or is the swab test for the CDC still the best way to know for sure?

    Posted by Kirt Ramirez April 28, 09 10:09 PM
  1. Its created a mass shopping spree!

    Posted by Victoria April 28, 09 10:11 PM
  1. well if it gets bad enough oil demand will drop and that affects the markets

    Posted by Nathan April 28, 09 10:39 PM
  1. What are some of the details of how the people have died from the swine flu in Mexico?

    Posted by Pam April 28, 09 10:42 PM
  1. swine flu can effect the econmy if people cant go to work if they are sick or if there are false rumors saying you cant eat pork then the demand for pork will drop

    Posted by fsdfsd April 28, 09 10:57 PM
  1. How long would a person with swine flu live if case is fatal?

    How do you know when case of swine flu is fatal

    Posted by Viky Alvarado April 28, 09 11:12 PM
  1. i'm so scared and worried.. omg..
    everyone around me is coughing..
    i'm so scared.. and i've been like crying.. ahh

    Posted by Sonya April 28, 09 11:42 PM
  1. My experience has been that adequate rest is a natural and critical defense against viral disease once contracted. It is also an effective natural preventive measure to prevent illness, especially in an environment of people representing many cultures. In Swine flu. though no vaccine has been discovered to effectively combat the disease agent, such personal controls as adequate rest in addition to hand washing should not be overlooked.

    Posted by Gerald Hulbert April 29, 09 12:57 AM
  1. how did the swine flu start? is it ever going to stop?

    Posted by kim April 29, 09 06:52 AM
  1. ok im a 16 year old boy, am i at more risk than others... if so please tell me also i would really like to know some more info, but i really want to know what i can do to prevent and keep myself from getting it. I really need to know because apparently the flu is in the same state that i live in AAAAAA someone plz help

    Posted by ejammer44 April 29, 09 09:21 AM
  1. wat!?!y ihz evry 1 sayin"stay away from mexicans itz kinda offendin me"!!!

    Posted by Jennifer April 29, 09 03:51 PM
  1. wat!?!y ihz evry 1 sayin"stay away from mexicans itz kinda offendin me"!!!

    Posted by Jennifer April 29, 09 03:51 PM
  1. how long does it take for you to die?

    Posted by Linda April 29, 09 04:13 PM
  1. My dad has been hospitalized with what they thought to be pneumonia, for 5 days now. He lives in Kansas City, MO. After 10 doctors filled his room this morning, they have sent a specimen of his upper respitory crud, to see if he has Swine Flu, because he lives in an area where there are a lot of people from Mexican decent, who travel back and forth from the US and Mexico. What's odd is they do not have him quarantined, he is allowed visitors still, with this "scare". I have a weak immune system due to FMS/CFS and am scared that I may have contracted this from my father. I'm not coughing a lot, but when I do it is green. Any suggestions for someone with no insurance and no job (which means no money)?

    Posted by Trish April 29, 09 04:13 PM
  1. Well i think that people are blaming to much things on Mexico. Mexico happens to be a place were a lot of pigs are roaming around and people are exposed to them so maybe thats how it started. I don't think people should treat Mexicans/or others that recently came from mexico like monsters but inform them what they can do to not get other people infected and also check if they are. I live in Northeast U.S and theres been reports of people already infected here so i dont think the U.S gov't stoping people from going in and out of mexico will do anything.

    Posted by Hector April 29, 09 04:29 PM
  1. im so scared! someone just died in Texas!!! ... SOS!

    Posted by Bob April 29, 09 04:35 PM
  1. How many days does it take until you die from swine flu?

    Posted by Me April 29, 09 04:53 PM
  1. Hi I hope we all don't die!

    Posted by Elizabeth April 29, 09 05:12 PM
  1. its the end of the world

    Posted by pimpster April 29, 09 05:24 PM
  1. its the end of the world

    Posted by pimpster April 29, 09 05:24 PM
  1. everyone ijs freaking out about the swine flu please c'mon there is only 90 people in the whole U.S infected

    Posted by UM i GUESS im a somebody April 29, 09 05:41 PM
  1. The media has definitely scared the world on this flu. Granted that in countries where medical treatment is not as readily available the risk is higher. If you have flu like symptoms you should seek medical attention. If you don't have insurance you can contact your local health dept. They are addressing those without insurance. I have taken the test this morning because I was in Mexico during Spring Break (first to second week of April). When I came back I was very sick within 2 days of my return with many of the symptoms. I thought I just had a cold or flu. It was under the guidance of others that I contacted my physician to be tested. I will know these results within a day or 2 as they are sent to the lab to be tested. The incubation period is 0-3 days. The contagious period is from 1 day before your symptoms out to 7 or 10 days. I am doing fine and feeling better every day. I hope that my personal experience will help the rest of you with questions.

    Posted by Jo April 29, 09 05:41 PM
  1. this is just another sign the bible warns us about befor the end of time,if you think the swine flu outbreak is bad and has people in a panick you havent seen anything yet,this is just a sample of whats going to happen.If you dont beleave me get your bibles out and read in revelations on the rapture and see if im not right.People you better be getting ready for the lord because hes coming and hes coming soon all the signs are here.This is the least of our worries and all we can do is pray they either make a vaccine pretty soon or be ready to go home i dont know about you all but im ready to go home im sick of this cruel world.

    Posted by debbie April 29, 09 06:08 PM
  1. a month ago i took my 7 yr old son to doctor with a headache that had him in tears and i was told it was viral and they sent me home. he had a low fever but by monday afternoon his fever was 105 could not get it down with motrin and tylenol so on wed he went back to doctor was told it was bronchitus and was given a three day zpak. on friday he was still sick with high fever took him back was told it was nomonia and he was given three shots and put on a 10 day antibodic. he was ok for a week and had a relapse and put on another antibodic. he was on four anti. and now he has had a cough for three weeks? i live in georgia how do i know he did not have swine. my husband got the same thing out for 7 days of work was told he had strap throat? we have been married for 10 years i have never seen him this sick with strapp!! i don't think doctors always know.

    Posted by a concrened mother of two boys!!! April 29, 09 07:09 PM
  1. People with the swine flu ever get rid of it and is the death risk as high as Mexico or not because we have a cleaner country then them. is it good to go and get checked even if your state has no signs of it and are you stopping people from coming in or out of Mexico.

    Posted by Destiny April 29, 09 07:24 PM
  1. hi my mom had to stay out of work today and go to the doctor because she was having flu like symptoms and the doctor said he dont know what could be wrong with her the symptoms she is having are ear aches, runny nose, and chills could this be swine flu???? please get back to me thanks

    Posted by amanda April 29, 09 07:39 PM
  1. My kids have been sick for awhile now. I took them to the doctor and she said it was a virus and let it run it course. They were never tested. That was 3 weeks ago and we are still sick. Fever, cough, very tired, green mucus, trouble breathing even with treatments. How do I get my kids tested?

    Posted by Naomi April 29, 09 08:03 PM
  1. Oh my gosh! the swine flu is scarry! : ( What did the swine flu come from. has the swine flu ever happend before in the past? Are there other symptoms of the swine flu? What are the concequences of the swine flu?

    Posted by Jamie April 29, 09 08:20 PM
  1. Yeah, it could be swine flu! But highly unlikely!

    Posted by Curtis April 29, 09 08:26 PM
  1. I hope that there closing the borders between california and mexico if not swine will definitly be in the u.s.

    Posted by jenny April 29, 09 09:00 PM
  1. if we kill all pigs and burn their bodys will that prevent it from spreading???

    Posted by down with the pigs April 29, 09 09:14 PM
  1. Ok so we may have a pandemic on our hands. But as of this moment I haven't seen that many out breaks, Mexico, 100 in New York, 6 in Dallas, Not hardly a pandemic in my books. So now the education system in Texas is cancelling Jr. Prom set for the 6th along with state competions just to post phone them for two weeks. If the "pandemic" is here then what the hell is post phoning these event going to solve. I see media hysteria is working well. Here's a thought wash your hands frequently.

    Posted by Cindy April 29, 09 09:19 PM
  1. should we panic?

    Posted by bobby April 29, 09 09:53 PM
  1. i live in west point, ga and we have a case here at west ga medical center. the lady has coded 4 times. we are not suppose to know about the case they want to keep us in the dark.

    Posted by becky hardy April 29, 09 10:44 PM
  1. what is the causes of death in swin flu is dehidrating or breathing i see nothing that tells you that even when it was around in 76

    Posted by hatch April 29, 09 11:17 PM
  1. why it is happend?is any one there plz give me answer.is it spred in other way or by human making thing?is it natural or makanical?

    Posted by Rajib April 29, 09 11:21 PM
  1. I work in a day care center and we are shutting down the day care to take action. We want to be safe rather then sorry!

    Posted by Amber April 30, 09 12:22 AM
  1. If the swine flu is similar to a common flu I don't understand how so many people have died from it and are so afraid of catching it. I mean, no one wants to be sick - but people are wearing masks and gloves? Isn't this a little extreme? I need more information because I have a toddler and am due to have another baby in a week. I want to know how people are dying from this, if it is just another strain of the flu????

    Posted by Carli April 30, 09 02:25 PM
  1. These comments indicate the need for some quality health education.

    #3/#42: The normal flu kills around 36,000 people in the United States each year. As of today, April 5, there has only been one swine flu death in the U.S., and it was a baby from Mexico who happened to receive his medical care in Texas. However, you’re right. Flu typically isn’t deadly. What can make the flu deadly, whether it’s what we think of as the “normal” flu or N1H1 virus? A) Flu is almost always associated with high fever. Like with any illness, fever should be controlled to prevent body systems from shutting down. If you are unable to control your temperature with over the counter medications, seek medical attention. B) Flu can easily progress to pneumonia, which, if left untreated, can be fatal. We are fortunate enough to have quality health care in the U.S., and pneumonia can be treated. Again, if you feel your symptoms are too severe to handle at home (uncontrolled temperature, any difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, chest pain, etc.), seek medical attention. C) Don’t forget to stay hydrated if you have the flu, especially if you have fever. Drink lots of water, Gatorade, etc. Your body needs fluids to function. People with lowered immunity like the very young, the elderly, and patients with decreased immunity (i.e. chemotherapy patients, patients on steroids, etc.) are at the highest risk of developing complications.

    #11: Doctors, nurses, and community health officials are educating the public. Remember, very basic steps go a long way. Flu is spread through respiratory droplets. If somebody coughs or sneezes and the tiny particles land on a surface like a desk, the virus can live for several hours. Wash your hands frequently (after coughing or sneezing into hands, after shaking the hands of others, after contact with dirty surfaces, before eating, etc.). It’s okay to use soap and water or hand sanitizer. Cover your coughs and sneezes to prevent droplets from flying. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with your hands. Stay home if you’re feeling ill. Stay away from others who feel sick if possible. A good rule of thumb for work/school attendance is to stay home until you have been fever free for 24 hours without the use of medications like Tylenol. Keep your immunity up by receiving adequate rest, drinking enough fluids and eating nutritious meals, and staying physically active.

    #14: What a silly question! “Why does it take so long to get a vaccine when lives depend on this?” Couldn’t the same be asked about “why haven’t we found a medication to cure some cancers, HIV/AIDS, herpes, etc.?” It takes a significant amount of research to develop a vaccine and/or medication. It’s a very long trial and error process, and no matter how many people are working around the clock trying to create something, it still must go through rigorous testing processes to make sure that the vaccine would be a) effective and b) safe for people to receive. This isn’t something that happens over night, and obviously nobody was working to develop one until recently since they are calling this a “new strand.” Before anybody panics, this is an issue that we deal with every year. The flu virus is constantly evolving and is unique each year, which is why there’s no 100% guarantee that receiving a flu shot will prevent the flu each fall.

    #15: Symptoms include fever of >100.4 degrees, body aches, chills, fatigue, sore throat, coughing, sneezing, runny nose, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Sound familiar? That’s because these symptoms apply to your common cold, allergies, or stomach virus too. The main things to watch for that kind of help narrow down the symptoms to flu are the fever and body aches. This isn’t “my arms are a little sore” type ache, but the kind of ache where you can’t get comfortable and where everything hurts.

    Remember, worst comes to worst and you come down with the flu, don’t panic and lose your common sense. Yes, flu is uncomfortable and will make you feel pretty bad for a week or so. Remember the tips about keeping healthy during the flu, and allow your body to rest and heal. Swine flu is responding to antivirals such as Tamiflu, and the medicine doesn’t treat the illness but can help to shorten its course by a couple of days and can help make it a milder case. Tamiflu is time sensitive though, and it must be started within 24-48 hours from the onset of symptoms to be effective.

    Posted by Nurse May 4, 09 03:15 PM
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Elizabeth Cooney is a former health reporter for the Worcester Telegram & Gazette, where she also was a business reporter and an editor. Earlier in her career, she edited medical books and journals at Little, Brown, and worked for Boston magazine.

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