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Brain training doesn't add up, British study finds
Afraid you're losing your mental sharpness? Computer brain training games can improve your performance -- but only on these computer games, a British study suggests. They appear to do little for broader reasoning and cognitive skills.
In an online experiment that recruited volunteers from viewers of the BBC television program "Bang Goes the Theory" (think "MythBusters" with British accents), more than 11,000 adults from 18 to 60 years old were randomly assigned to three groups. One set of volunteers played games marketed as able to boost reasoning, planning, and problem-solving skills. Another set played games that were supposed to improve memory, attention, spatial processing, and mathematical ability. The other participants, who served as a comparison group, were challenged to master Internet-browsing skills so they could answer obscure questions. Before and after the six-week training period, all of the people took tests that assessed their cognitive fitness but were different from the brain training games.
The researchers conducting the study, led by Adrian Owen of the Medical Research Council in Cambridge, England, report that all the participants got better at the kind of tasks they were trained on, but there was no statistically significant difference in how well they did when tested in one another's domains. "Six weeks of regular computerized brain training confers no greater benefit than simply answering general knowledge questions using the Internet," they wrote.
Peter Snyder, a professor of neurology at Brown University’s Alpert Medical School and vice president of research at Lifespan Hospitals in Rhode Island, published a review last year of the existing literature on brain training games, concluding it was both sparse and inconsistent, as this Globe story said. At Massachusetts General Hospital, Dr. Kenneth L. Minaker, chief of geriatric medicine, doesn’t recommend brain-exercise products for his patients.
The new study, which appears online in Nature today, hasn't changed Snyder's mind about the need for a rigorous clinical trial to answer the question.
"I remain unconvinced that brain-training products ... are efficacious for slowing the onset of illnesses [like] dementia or protecting brain health over and above the normal activities we already advise older adult to engage in," such as remaining socially active and maintaining interests, he said in an interview. He was not involved in the British study.
Still, he has two concerns with the study. First, the people who participated were adults under 60, so they are probably in fine cognitive shape, barring illness. "When you try to show the benefit of something, no matter whether it's a pill or another intervention, you have to have enough movement on the test to show that something is working if you are already doing well. It would have to be a whopping effect and there wasn't one," he said.
Second, the "dosage" was small, Snyder said. The participants were asked to train for at least 10 minutes a day, three times a week for at least six weeks. That adds up to only four hours over the study period, which seemed modest to Snyder.
By agreeing to participate in the online study, the participants were also likely to already be Internet savvy, Snyder said, which may make them different from people over 60 for whom worries about brain fitness may be more urgent. A statement from the BBC said the study is continuing for more than 1,000 participants who are over 60. They will be tested after a total of 12 months.
About white coat notes
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White Coat Notes covers the latest from the health care industry, hospitals, doctors offices, labs, insurers, and the corridors of government. Chelsea Conaboy previously covered health care for The Philadelphia Inquirer. Write her at cconaboy@boston.com. Follow her on Twitter: @cconaboy. |
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