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Preparing for the worst

Civil Air Patrol, Red Cross practice responding to storm disaster

By Michele Morgan Bolton
Globe Correspondent / June 21, 2009
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Melissa Sieminski’s roots are in Scituate, but when the Red Cross volunteer gets a call to help others, her home is wherever disaster strikes, for two or three weeks at a time.

A self-described “Katrina baby,’’ Sieminski has hit the road on four major national deployments since she watched the horror of the September 2005 storm that leveled New Orleans. It was the stranded, hungry, and exhausted residents waving “Help me’’ signs from rooftops that brought her to assist.

“The first year I did it, I felt Iike I led a secret life,’’ she said. “I got the calls and I left. It has changed my whole perspective. And my heart swells that I am able to help people, because I never saw myself in this role.’’

Sieminski’s will to serve is also focused on the South Shore, where she and dozens of other volunteers gathered last Sunday at the Massachusetts Civil Air Patrol headquarters at Plymouth Airport for a joint effort to ramp up disaster preparedness.

The drill, which was a stand-alone exercise specific to the densely settled coastal communities, helped Civil Air Patrol and American Red Cross volunteers hone the skills they’d need to deal with real devastation.

The eight-hour exercise, from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., was not the first time the two agencies have worked together but was the largest gathering to date, officials in both organizations said. The costs for training the volunteers, materials, food, and vehicle support were shared equally.

As the three dozen volunteers gathered in Plymouth early Sunday, some having already traveled across the state, foreboding gray skies that threatened to open overnight finally did, yielding a blast of cold rain.

“Welcome to beautiful, sunny Plymouth,’’ joked Civil Air Patrol Lieutenant Colonel William H. Meskill, as a misty chill enveloped the small Air Patrol building.

“The first requirement for safety is the fact that everyone is a safety officer,’’ he said to his volunteers. “This is a risk assessment. This afternoon, I want you to think about what you do before you do it.’’

“We’re here to learn to interact with the Red Cross,’’ he added. “I want you to pretend that the weather is 100 percent worse.’’

Kevin Ghiz drove in from Webster, where he and his daughter, Kaitlyn, 14, are part of the Goddard Cadet Squadron 007, a local arm of the Civil Air Patrol. As a result of her membership, Kaitlyn has already gone up in a Blackhawk helicopter, flown in an F-14 fighter plane simulator, and plans to learn to pilot a plane when she is old enough.

A nine-year Army helicopter pilot himself, Ghiz said he happily does whatever the Civil Air Patrol, or CAP, which is the Air Force’s civilian volunteer auxiliary, asks of him. When the phone rings, no matter the hour, you go if you can, he said.

An intermittent rain grounded the air portion of the exercise that had drawn pilots from around the state. That disappointment aside, the uncooperative weather lent an air of realism to the exercise that, in a true storm, would have pitted pilots, ground volunteers, and others against the dangerous, often fatal, forces of nature.

As the volunteers milled with coffee and doughnuts before the morning briefing, Jerry Vinokur, a CAP major, explained his participation as a service “to my community, state, and nation.’’

If a hurricane hit, Vinokur said, he and others would take to the sky for search and rescue while the Red Cross and other agencies would coordinate from the ground.

Marshfield resident Richard Bedgio, a retiree from Sears who just completed his 12th national deployment with the Red Cross, was also moved into action by the devastation of Katrina. Last weekend, he was happy to give a little back to his hometown.

Helping others is good medicine, Bedgio said, especially for those devastated by loss. “Their whole lives have been disrupted, and just knowing there is someone there to help makes a difference.’’

He and other volunteers making up eight four-member teams fanned out in Duxbury, Marshfield, and Scituate, looking to log “storm’’ damage in beach neighborhoods.

If it were a real disaster, help in all forms, whether shelter, food, or clothing, would be provided once the assessment of need is made.

But here, under the faux scenario, assessors worked on their observation skills, designating a home with a black roof, for example, to have been destroyed by the storm. A gray roof would have sustained minor damage, brown would have major damage, and white only slightly affected, according to the plan. A backyard shed equaled the points for a fallen tree, while a swimming pool was counted as a flooded property.

The point of collecting such information is to be able to discern the level of need for residents left vulnerable by such a storm, volunteer leaders said. Upon their return to Plymouth, the crews would compare notes and brainstorm about how best to serve the needy under the extreme scenario.

The dramatic exercise startled a few people. In the Rexhame section of Marshfield, residents who usually spend their Sunday mornings sipping coffee or sleeping in were glued to their windows and doorways as a parade of rain-soaked disaster relief squads clad in typical military camouflage outfits conducted the simulated assessment.

“Are we being invaded?’’ a man yelled from his Abbey Street yard, as one of two patrols inched past his home, peering into backyards and up to rooftops.

“This is a training exercise,’’ said Bedgio, the team leader for that unit, as he stopped for a moment to chat and ease concerns.

Heidi Schneider combed the area with Bedgio, Connor O’Dwyer, 15, of Plymouth, and Thomas Melucci, 24, of Middleborough. Other teams spread out in Duxbury along Powder Point Avenue and King Caesar Road and in Scituate in the area around Hatherly Road.

Schneider, 15, shared her dream of being a pilot as she walked. “I have learned so many great leadership skills from the Civil Air Patrol,’’ she said. “It’s opening up the possibility of me going into the Air Force.’’

O’Dwyer said he is putting what he’s learning in the Air Patrol toward a future in politics, while Melucci said he volunteers because his life is good and he wants to pass on that good fortune to others.

The Red Cross director of disaster assessment, Rick Young, said he was grateful for Sunday’s turnout and the fact that helping people to help themselves before a hurricane hits is an important and achievable goal as well.

“The more people are prepared, the easier our job is,’’ Young said.

Michele Morgan Bolton can be reached at mmbolton1@verizon.net.

Their names are innocuous: Andrew. Bob. Carol. Donna. Yet who can forget how, at full strength, those infamous hurricanes wreaked havoc on the places they struck.

Although New England’s hurricane season is June 1 through Nov. 30, most of the 40 tropical systems that have caused damage in this region over the past 100 years have hit during August and September, according to the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency.

These are not just coastal events but can affect everyone in the state, says the agency’s director, Don Boyce, depending on the storm’s track and landfall.

Some notable storms that swept through New England:

Great Colonial Hurricane of 1635

The first record of an intense hurricane striking New England. With winds of 115-plus miles per hour, the storm hit the coast between Boston and Plymouth. A 20-foot tidal surge ruined farms around Boston, and Governor William Bradford’s journal reported the drowning of dozens of Native Americans, thousands of trees toppled, and houses flattened, suggesting an even greater intensity than the storms of 1815 and 1938. At least 46 people were killed.

Great September Gale of 1815

The first major hurricane to hit New England in 180 years initiated in the West Indies and grew to Category 3 with 135 mile-per-hour winds. After crossing Long Island, N.Y., the storm landed at Saybrook, Conn., and funneled an 11-foot storm surge up Narragansett Bay that destroyed 500 houses and 35 ships and flooded Providence. It also destroyed the Neponset River bridge connecting Dorchester and Milton and caused 38 deaths.

September Gale of 1869

A Category 3, it made landfall in Rhode Island just west of Buzzards Bay and dissipated in northern Maine. Just 60 miles wide, its arrival coincided with low tide, lessening the damage to coastal areas.

Great New England Hurricane of 1938 - This Category 5 storm, also dubbed the Long Island Express, made landfall as a Category 3 during an astronomically high tide along Long Island and Connecticut. The Blue Hill Observatory in Milton measured winds of 121 miles per hour, with gusts of 183. Storm surges of 10 to 12 feet inundated coastal areas on Long Island and Narragansett and Buzzards bays, with sections of Falmouth and Truro on Cape Cod under 8 feet of water. Destruction included 600 deaths, 1,700 injuries, and 6,000 vessels destroyed or damaged.

Great Atlantic Hurricane of 1944

This storm hugged the US coast, crossing Long Island, Rhode Island, Massachusetts Bay, and then heading north to Maine. With 140 mile-per-hour winds, this Category 4 raked across 600 miles of land, causing over $100 million in damage. Reports of 70-foot waves and up to 11 inches of rain in New England killed 390. It affected WWII shipping, sinking a US Navy destroyer and mine sweeper, and two Coast Guard cutters.

Hurricane Dog, September 1950

A strong Category 5, Dog reached 185 miles per hour without making landfall. It passed within 200 miles of Cape Cod and caused the deaths of at least a dozen fishermen and $3 million in damage. It holds the record, at 60 hours, of the longest Category 5 Atlantic hurricane.

Hurricane Carol, Aug. 30, 1954

This Category 3 battered New England, killing 68. With 100 mile-per-hour winds, and gusts up to 135, Carol destroyed 4,000 homes, 3,500 cars, and 3,000 boats, with a total tab of $461 million. It brought a storm surge of 14.4 feet to Narragansett Bay and New Bedford Harbor and more than 6 inches of rain that caused water depths of 12 feet in downtown Providence. Some consider Carol the worst storm in Cape Cod history. All of Rhode Island and eastern portions of Connecticut and Massachusetts lost power, with a 95 percent loss of telephone service.

Hurricane Edna, Sept. 11, 1954

Edna formed off Barbados, reaching Category 3 with 120 mile-per-hour winds. Before striking New England, its eye split into two, up to 60 miles apart, moving over Cape Cod and the Islands, where peak gusts reached 120 miles per hour. Its eastern track, with heavy rain and major inland flooding, added 5 to 7 inches of rain to Carol’s previous 6 inches. The storm caused 29 deaths and $40 million in damage. Ultimately, it made landfall near Eastport, Maine, and is remembered as one the state’s worst hurricanes.

Hurricane Diane, August, 1955

Born in the tropical Atlantic, Diane reached Category 3 as it followed the path of Hurricane Connie of five days earlier. Winds reached 120 miles per hour before it weakened to a tropical storm at the southern New England coast, but Diane dropped 10 to 20 inches of rain, setting flood records. It caused 185 to 200 deaths, and the $832 million damage made it the most costly US hurricane until Hurricane Betsy in 1965.

Hurricane Donna, Sept. 12, 1960

Hurricane Donna was a Category 5 hurricane that affected most Caribbean islands and every state on the Eastern Seaboard. With 160 mile-per-hour winds and gusts up to 200, Donna holds the record for retaining major hurricane status of Category 3 or higher in the Atlantic basin, where it roamed for 17 days. It produced hurricane winds along the coast from Florida to New England, 4 to 8 inches of rain, and 5- to 10-foot storm surges, causing 364 deaths and $500 million in damage.

Hurricane Gloria, Sept. 27, 1985

Hurricane Gloria, at Category 4, prowled the Atlantic for 13 days, with winds of 145 miles per hour. It crossed Long Island and made landfall at Milford, Conn. It caused severe beach erosion along the New England coast and the loss of piers and roads. There was a moderate storm surge of 6.8 feet in New Bedford. Gloria dropped up to 6 inches of rain in Massachusetts, causing many floods. Eight people died and damage reached $900 million.

Hurricane Bob, Aug. 19, 1991

Hurricane Bob made landfall near New Bedford with 115 mile-per-hour winds, cutting across Southeastern Massachusetts toward the Gulf of Maine. Winds of 125 miles per hour were recorded in Brewster and Truro on Cape Cod. More than 60 percent of Southeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island lost electricity. There were four reports of tornadoes as Bob came ashore. Buzzards Bay saw a 10- to 15-foot storm surge. Some Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket beaches lost 50 feet to erosion. Up to 7 inches of rain fell in New England. Bob caused 18 deaths, $1 billion in damage in southern New England, and $2.5 billion overall.

SOURCE: Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency