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Who knew? Wampum belts of faith

Posted by Michael Paulson July 18, 2009 07:05 AM

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Two 17th century beaded wampum belts made by Native Americans in New England for French Jesuit missionaries as expressions of Catholic faith have been shipped from a cathedral in France to a museum in Vermont where they are now on display.

Alexis Berthier, the spokesman for the Consulate General of France in Boston said the belts were given to the missionaries "as a sign of friendship" and that "they also signaled the conversion of some of these Native American people."

Here is some more detail from the Shelburne Museum, where the belts are on display until July 31:

"Wampum Belts from Chartres Cathedral Treasury showcases two rare masterpieces of Native American art on loan from the Bishop of Chartres and the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Chartres and on view in the United States for the first time. The belts will be on exhibit from July 2 through July 31.

'These belts are a symbol of the rich history of our region and demonstrate the historic connection between the French in North America and their relationship with the Abenaki and Huron peoples,' said Shelburne Museum Director Stephan Jost. 'The caliber of craftsmanship is truly extraordinary and reflects the sophistication of the people who created them.'

Wampum belts are traditional to native peoples from the Eastern woodlands and are an art form used to record important events such as engagements, marriage, funerals or treaties. The two belts on view at Shelburne were made in the 17th century. The Huron belt was made in 1678 and the Abenaki belt was made in 1691 or earlier. Noting the conversion to Catholicism by some of the native peoples, the belts were given to the French Jesuit order. The belts were taken to France and placed in the Cathedral Treasury of Chartres in acknowledgment of their importance."

Museum spokeswoman Leslie Wright tells me that the Latin on the belts "dates to the time of the druids, who predated the Jesuits at Chartres." She said the Huron belt, which is made of shell, glass, and natural fiber or animal hide, translates, "From the Hurons to the Virgin about to give birth,'' and the Abenaki belt, made of the same materials, translates, "To the Virgin Mother, Abenaki"

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(Images, courtesy of the Shelburne Museum, are of the Huron Wampum Belt on loan from the Bishop of Chartres and the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Chartres.)

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15 comments so far...
  1. What a wonderful example of imperialistic, murderous, genocide perpetrated by the Catholic Church... All I have to think about is Conquistadors "enlightening" the Native Americans to know that there is no god. The effect of European colonization of the Americas is yet another aspect of the church that has been white-washed to make our palates taste better. Wake up and realize that the Catholic Church (and all churches for that matter) are based on lies, power, and the disenfranchising of native people who didn't need to be liberated, enlightened, or anything else.

    Posted by monkeycaller July 18, 09 09:15 AM
  1. It's a shame the way the Abenaki got and get treated by whites from the moment of first contact till these current days of continued racism by Vermonts goverment.

    Posted by kaig richard July 18, 09 11:08 AM
  1. on the count of three......let the church bashing begin........"the last acceptable prejudice."

    Posted by Umass Grad98 July 18, 09 11:42 AM
  1. and a comment on the belts......what beautiful expressions of faith in a loving God. "Who knew"?? Actually, many people knew.

    Posted by Umass Grad98 July 18, 09 11:46 AM
  1. As monkeycaller so demonstrates the double standards live on.

    I go to college and everyone wants to liberate me, but yet that doesn't stop them.

    Posted by sensibleman July 18, 09 04:20 PM
  1. monkeycaller, you don't know much history. The French had a much different relationship with the Native American population than the Spanish and Portuguese. The French explorers had respect for the native population. And the Jesuits in North America adapted to local customs, just like they did in the Far East. The Jesuits' mission was to spread the gospel in North America, and they did convert many of the native peoples to the Catholic faith, but they were open to their culture, and accepted cultural practices other than those that were clearly prohibited by Catholic practices, such as polygamy.

    Read the history of the Jesuits in North America, and you will not read anything about colonial imperialism. They initially came to New France to serve French fur trappers, but they soon began evangelizing the Huron peoples who remained a free nation and allies of the French.

    Posted by Highandinside July 18, 09 04:26 PM
  1. Oh give me a break you whiney complainers.

    Posted by Patti July 18, 09 06:54 PM
  1. Highlandside.....you can reply all you want, but I won't be checking back, so rip away.
    You need to study history. Go to the sources, like the many reservations and find out first hand.
    The Jesuits weren't as accomodating and nice as you paint them to have been.
    Believe all you read. After all, it's in black and white eh?

    Posted by Anahuy July 18, 09 09:56 PM
  1. Highlandside HAS read history. I suggest others do, too. If you're looking for "reservations" in Canada, you won't find any, as the First Nations in our neighbor to the North have a different history with white folk than do Native Americans here — again, in large part to the French legacy.

    Posted by nephos9 July 19, 09 04:20 AM
  1. Sounds like a real Abenaki chat room, filled with hate and backbiting.

    Posted by dave bear July 19, 09 07:01 AM
  1. thank goodness for the native americans that saved the lives of the pilgrims that first winter.

    Why does this column always seems to have more stories about catholicism .
    Not everyone who reads the globe is catholic. Mainline protestants stories are few and far between in this blog. The seven photo's to the right of this page are all catholic news stories from the archives of this blog.

    Posted by janice01301 July 19, 09 07:54 AM
  1. Oh look, racism in a Boston.com thread. Something new.

    Posted by Brian M. July 19, 09 04:59 PM
  1. Remember the French and Indian Wars? The Huron and Abnaki nations sided with the French against BRITISH imperialism. The First Nation was not oppressed in New France; that didn't happen until the British came with their ideas of empire. The early Colonists were primarily from England and Scotland, and after the Revolution they still maintained their feudal views about land and land ownership, and that's what drove the Native Americans off of their ancestral lands. But that did not happen under the short-lived French rule in New France.

    If you read the story, the belts, which are beautiful works of art, were given to the Jesuits as gifts. You do not give a gift to your oppresser.

    Posted by Highandinside July 19, 09 05:18 PM
  1. Museum spokeswoman Leslie Wright tells me that the Latin on the belts "dates to the time of the druids, who predated the Jesuits at Chartres."

    Druids? Latin was spoken by the Romans who controlled France when it was still called Gaul. Yes the Gauls were Celts and the priests of native Celtic religion were referred to as Druids. However, Rome was intolerant of the druidical cults. When Caesar conquered Gaul he saw them as troublemakers to be eliminated. That policy continued when the Romans conquered Britain and destroyed the sanctuary at Anglesey.
    I don't think by the time Latin was being spoken at Chatres that is was the Druids running the show anymore. I remember something about it becoming a shrine to Persephone but that may have been speculation.

    Posted by Rydal July 19, 09 08:21 PM
  1. I just want to see a picture of the belts, please!

    Posted by Carol Anne September 27, 09 05:48 PM

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Michael Paulson covers religion for The Boston Globe. He shared in the Pulitzer Prize in 2003, won the Mike Berger, Templeton and Supple awards in 2008, and is a four-time winner of the Wilbur Award.
E-mail mpaulson@globe.com.

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