Study weighs lifetime risk of CT scans

CHICAGO - As many as 7 percent of patients from a large hospital system had enough radiation exposure from CT scans during their lifetime to slightly raise their risk of cancer, researchers said yesterday.

The finding is part of an effort to develop tools that help doctors assess a patient's overall cancer risk from exposure to computed tomography, or CT scans, researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital told a meeting of the Radiological Society of North America in Chicago.

CT scans - a souped-up X-ray machine that rotates around the body taking different images - speed diagnosis of illness and injuries, and are routinely used to track the advance of cancer. But a number of recent studies have raised alarms about the potential cancer risks from the radiation.

"A lot of this discussion has been very theoretical in the past. What we have been trying to do is to develop the tools to say what is a patient's level of risk based on a history of CT scans," Dr. Aaron Sodickson, who led the study, said in a telephone interview.

Sodickson and colleagues studied all patients who had a CT scan in 2007 at Brigham and Women's Hospital, or at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, both affiliates of Harvard Medical School.

They checked on prior CT scans from a database that includes 22 years of patient history and calculated overall radiation exposure based on the type and location of the scan to determine a lifetime risk.

"We found about 7 percent of our patients did have a cancer risk that increased by 1 percent of what we would expect as a baseline cancer rate," Sodickson said. "The next step is to use this information to improve our patient care and make better decisions."