Common gel found to protect against AIDS-like infection

WASHINGTON - A cheap ingredient used in ice cream and cosmetics and found in breast milk helps protect monkeys against infection with a virus similar to the one that causes AIDS and might work to protect women against the AIDS virus, researchers reported yesterday.

The compound, called glycerol monolaurate, or GML, appears to stop inflammation and helps keep away the cells the AIDS virus usually infects, the researchers said.

While it does not provide 100 percent protection, it might greatly reduce a woman's risk of being infected, and she could use it privately and without hurting her chances of pregnancy, the researchers reported in the journal Nature.

And it costs pennies a dose, Ashley Haase and Pat Schlievert of the University of Minnesota reported.

"For years, people have used the compound as an emulsifying agent in a variety of foods," Schlievert said in a telephone briefing. "It is in breast milk."

GML is being considered as an additive to tampons because it interferes with bacteria, particularly those that can cause a potentially fatal infection called toxic shock syndrome.

If it can be shown to work safely in women, GML might provide the first easy route to a microbicide - a gel that women could use to protect themselves from the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, which causes AIDS.

HIV infects 33 million people globally and has killed 25 million. It is transmitted sexually, in blood and breast milk. In Africa, it is most commonly passed during heterosexual contact.