Obama orders resumption of Guantanamo trials

Guantanamo has been a major political and national security headache for the president since he took office while promising to close the prison within a year, a deadline that came and went without him setting a new one.

Obama made the change with clear reluctance, bowing to the reality that Congress’s vehement opposition to trying detainees on US soil leaves them nowhere else to go. The president emphasized his preference for trials in federal civilian courts, and his administration blamed congressional meddling for closing off that avenue.

“I strongly believe that the American system of justice is a key part of our arsenal in the war against Al Qaeda and its affiliates, and we will continue to draw on all aspects of our justice system — including [federal] courts — to ensure that our security and our values are strengthened,’’ Obama said in a statement.

“Going forward, all branches of government have a responsibility to come together to forge a strong and durable approach to defend our nation and the values that define who we are as a nation.’’

The first Guantanamo trial likely to proceed under Obama’s new order would involve Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, the alleged mastermind of the 2000 bombing of the USS Cole. Nashiri, a Saudi of Yemeni descent, has been imprisoned at Guantanamo since 2006.

Defense officials have said that of the roughly 170 detainees at Guantanamo, about 80 are expected to face trial by military commission.

Yesterday, the White House reiterated that the administration remains committed to eventually closing Guantanamo, which is on a US Navy base, and that yesterday’s actions were in pursuit of that goal. But the outcome Obama wants seemed even more distant.

Critics of the military commission system, which was established specifically to deal with the detainees at Guantanamo, contend that suspects are not given some of the most basic protections afforded people prosecuted in American courts, a lack that serves as a recruitment tool for terrorists.

Obama’s administration has enacted some changes to the military commission system while aiming to close down Guantanamo.

More than two dozen detainees have been charged there, but the charges against a number of them were dismissed in the wake of Obama’s order in January 2009 to halt the commission process.

So far, six detainees have been convicted and sentenced, including Ali Hamza al-Bahlul, Osama bin Laden’s media specialist who told jurors he had volunteered to be the 20th Sept. 11 hijacker. He is serving a life sentence at Guantanamo.

Meanwhile, the first Guantanamo detainee tried in civilian court — in New York — was convicted in November on just one of more than 280 charges that he took part in the Al Qaeda bombings of two US embassies in Africa. That case ignited strident opposition to any further civilian trials.

Another case is that of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the professed mastermind of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, who had been slotted for trial in New York before Obama bowed to political resistance and blocked the Justice Department’s plans. With the military tribunals set to restart, it is likely that Mohammed will be put back in that system to face trial alongside other admitted 9/11 conspirators.

Under Obama’s direction yesterday, Defense Secretary Robert Gates issued an order rescinding his January 2009 ban against bringing new cases against the terror suspects at the Cuba prison.

Gates said the United States must maintain the option of prosecuting alleged terrorists in US federal courts, but in his order he also said the review of each detainee’s status had been completed and the commission process had been reformed to address legal challenges.

Representative Howard “Buck’’ McKeon, a California Republican and chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, said he was pleased with Obama’s decision to restart the military commissions. But he said the administration must work with Congress to create a trial system that will stand up to judicial review.