Cracking down

A look at the law that allows authorities to declare a state of emergency and impose curfews in France:

The law states: ''A state of emergency can be declared . . . in the event of imminent peril resulting from grave threats to public order, in events that by their nature or their gravity are characterized by public calamity," such as floods or earthquakes.

Only the Cabinet can declare a state of emergency. The decree became effective at midnight last night. There is an initial 12-day limit to the emergency. Parliament must vote on any extension.

The law was originally used to declare a state of emergency in Algeria, then a French colony, in 1955. It was also applied in France in 1958, amid fears that unrest would spill over from Algeria.

Curfew violators could face up to two months imprisonment, a fine of $4,400, or both. Minors face one month of imprisonment.

The interior minister can put under house arrest anyone ''whose actions are proven to endanger security and public order."

The interior minister may ban gatherings and order bars, theaters, and meeting venues to be closed.

SOURCE: Associated Press